The unidentified artist who painted Elizabeth Clarke Freake (Mrs. John Freake)
 and Baby Mary in the early 1670s was trained in the Elizabethan English style. While this opinion
 now prevails among historians of American art, the artist called the Freake Painter was alternately
 described in the twentieth century as an untrained artist, a Dutch itinerant from New York, and even an
 artist working in the French style. Approximately ten surviving portraits dating between 1670 and 1674 are attributed to this painter, and all depict people who lived in Boston.

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